In terms of volume of Basmati rice exports in 2020-21, top ten countries – Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Qatar and Oman have a share of close to 80 per cent in total shipments of aromatic long grained rice from India. India’s Non-Basmati rice exports was valued at USD 4796 million (Rs 35448crore) in 2020- 21, with Basmati Rice exports a close second at USD 4018 million (Rs 29,849 crore). In 2020-21, India shipped non-basmati rice to nine countries - Timor-Leste, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Papua New Guinea, Zimbabwe, Burundi, Eswatini, Myanmar and Nicaragua, where exports were carried out for the first time or earlier the shipment was smaller in volume. It is anticipated that India’s rice exports in 2021-22 would likely surpass the record feet of 17.72 MT achieved in 2020-21. In the first seven months of the current financial year (2021-22), India’s rice exports rose by more than 33 per cent to 11.79 MT from 8.91 MT achieved during April-October, 2020-21. In terms of Rupees, India’s rice export grew by 44 per cent to Rs 65298 crore in 2020-21 from Rs 45379 crore in the previous year. In terms of value realisation, India’s rice exports rose by 38 per cent to USD 8815 million in 2020-21 from USD 6397 million reported in 2019-20. In 2020-21, India’s rice exports (Basmati and Non-Basmati) rose by a huge 87 per cent to 17.72 Million Tonne (MT) from 9.49 MT achieved in 2019-20. The robust global demand also helped India’s growth in rice exports. Notwithstanding logistical challenges posed by COVID19 pandemic, India continues to expand its rice exports footprint in the African, Asian and European Union markets, thus having the largest share in global rice trade. Despite these shortcomings, however, the annual yield of rice was 2.8 metric tons per hectare in fiscal year 2022, significantly higher than the previous year.India’s thrust on expanding port handling infrastructure, development of value chain involving key stakeholders along with efforts to explore new opportunities in countries or markets for rice exports in the last couple of years have led to a huge spike in rice exports.
The most recent of the latter involved the farmer protests, one of the largest demonstrations in the world.
However, climate change has had an impact on the crop seasons, along with high fertilizers prices, inadequate irrigation systems, and issues within the farming communities. The Indian rice industry is positively impacted by government support for rice production, suitable monsoon season, an increase in the number of rice processing industries, and exports. This volume amounted to over 129 million metric tons in financial year 2022. India ranked second in rice production globally. After maize, rice was the world’s most produced crop. Rice requires highly specific environmental conditions to grow. In 2022, Saudi Arabia, Bangladesh, and the United Arab Emirates were the major importers of Indian rice. The country exported rice to over 150 nations, continuing to extend its market share in Africa, Asia, and Europe. Milled rice, broken rice, rice in husk, and husked brown rice were also exported. The export of rice other than the basmati variety increased by a whopping 109 percent since 2014, with parboiled rice making up the majority of exports in this category. India was the world’s largest rice exporter, followed by Thailand and Vietnam.
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